Creating A Node Visitor

You can add new NodeVisitors to process nodes in the rector.php config, make sure you tag it correctly so dependency injection knows where to look:

<?php

use Rector\Config\RectorConfig;
use My\Rector\Visitor\HelloVisitor;
use Rector\NodeTypeResolver\PHPStan\Scope\Contract\NodeVisitor\ScopeResolverNodeVisitorInterface;

return RectorConfig::configure()
    ->registerService(HelloVisitor::class, null, ScopeResolverNodeVisitorInterface::class);

A simple node visitor

<?php

declare(strict_types=1);

namespace My\Rector\Visitor;

use PhpParser\Node;
use PhpParser\Node\Stmt;
use PhpParser\NodeVisitorAbstract;
use Rector\NodeTypeResolver\PHPStan\Scope\Contract\NodeVisitor\ScopeResolverNodeVisitorInterface;

class HelloVisitor extends NodeVisitorAbstract implements ScopeResolverNodeVisitorInterface
{
    public const HELLO_ATTRIBUTE = 'rector_comment';

    public function enterNode(Node $node)
    {
        if (! $node instanceof Stmt) {
            return null;
        }

        $node->setAttribute(self::HELLO_ATTRIBUTE, 'i was here');
        return $node;
    }
}